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Views: 5 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2018-03-29 Origin: 中国木业网
北京时间3月23日凌晨,美国总统特朗普签署对华贸易备忘录,指令有关部门对从中国进口约600亿美元商品大规模加征关税,并限制中国企业对美投资并购。美方就此挑起对华贸易战,中国则丝毫不惧,并在当天回应拟对自美进口的约30亿美元产品加征关税。中方对美拟终止减税领域和美方对华征税领域如下图:
这是两个国家之间的博弈,美方意在遏制中国崛起,控制中美贸易失衡局面,保护己国相关产业,中方予以反击则是捍卫尊严以及平衡美方加征关税给中方造成的利益损失,但大国博弈百姓受伤,对于木业企业来说,也有两大或将浮出水面的威胁。
第一、人造板出口难
美国是中国人造板出口主要国家之一,根据数据显示,2016年中国胶合板出口美国110.73万吨,列数第一;纤维板出口美国37.2万吨,位居第一;刨花板出口美国0.58万吨,列数第八。再者,美国对于中国进口胶合板的“怨念”由来已久,早在2017年12月便认定中国胶合板产业对美国胶合板产业损害成立,还在2018年初正式发布胶合板案反倾销令和反补贴令,平均税率206.34%,惩罚性税率378.26%的裁决正式生效。
此次中美贸易战打响,虽然人造板没有被列入加征关税名单,但就美方态度,人造板极有可能进入清单,届时中国人造板企业出口又将提高一系列的关税成本,还可能面临管制情况,市场压力定会倍增。
第二:木材进口难
如果说美国是中国出口人造板的大国,那么中国则是美国出口木材的大国。美国的南方松、白橡、红橡、花旗松、硬杂木等都是中国主要进口木材,而木材作为一种稀缺的资源性货物,中国海关在进口时一直是实行鼓励进口的,所以中国在木材进口税率上实行优惠政策,早前的木材进口关税是0%,增值税方面原木是13%,木方是17%。且2017年7月1日起,为简化增值税税率结构,原木增值税税率从13%降至11%,可以说,原木进口关税很是优惠了。
但是,现在中美贸易战打响,中国拟对美终止一些领域的减税优惠,虽然现在还没有波及木材行业,但是优惠力度这么大,进口幅度这么高的木材,指不定何时就会进入停止减税名单,届时木材进口价格必将上涨,中国板材企业也将会受到成本涨价影响。
所以,中国的木材、板材企业老板们,现在就可以行动起来了,中美贸易战来势汹汹,赶紧寻找美国木材的替代产品,找好板材出口的其他出路吧!